Datasets

Example datasets included in bgms.

ADHD

ADHD symptom ratings for 355 children aged 6 to 8 years from the Children’s Attention Project (CAP) cohort (Silk et al. (2019)). The sample consists of 146 children diagnosed with ADHD and 209 without a diagnosis. Symptoms were assessed through structured interviews with parents using the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children IV (DISC-IV; Shaffer et al. (2000)). The checklist includes 18 items: 9 Inattentive (I) and 9 Hyperactive/Impulsive (HI). Each item is binary (1 = present, 0 = absent).

data("ADHD")

A matrix with 355 rows and 19 columns:

Column	Description
group	ADHD diagnosis: 1 = diagnosed, 0 = not diagnosed
avoid	Often avoids tasks that require sustained mental effort (I)
closeatt	Often fails to give close attention to details (I)
distract	Is often easily distracted by extraneous stimuli (I)
forget	Is often forgetful in daily activities (I)
instruct	Often does not follow through on instructions (I)
listen	Often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly (I)
loses	Often loses things necessary for tasks (I)
org	Often has difficulty organizing tasks (I)
susatt	Often has difficulty sustaining attention (I)
blurts	Often blurts out answers before questions are completed (HI)
fidget	Often fidgets with hands or feet (HI)
interrupt	Often interrupts or intrudes on others (HI)
motor	Is often “on the go” or acts as if “driven by a motor” (HI)
quiet	Often has difficulty playing quietly (HI)
runs	Often runs about or climbs excessively (HI)
seat	Often leaves seat when remaining seated is expected (HI)
talks	Often talks excessively (HI)
turn	Often has difficulty awaiting turn (HI)

Source: Silk et al. (2019). Data retrieved from doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211053.s004. Licensed under CC-BY 4.0.

Boredom

Responses to the 8-item Short Boredom Proneness Scale (SBPS), a self-report measure of susceptibility to boredom (Martarelli et al. (2023)). Items were rated on a 7-point Likert scale from 1 (“strongly disagree”) to 7 (“strongly agree”). The scale was administered in either English Struk et al. (2017) or French Martarelli et al. (2023).

data("Boredom")

A matrix with 986 rows and 9 columns:

Column	Description
language	Language: "en" = English, "fr" = French
loose_ends	I often find myself at “loose ends,” not knowing what to do.
entertain	I find it hard to entertain myself.
repetitive	Many things I have to do are repetitive and monotonous.
stimulation	It takes more stimulation to get me going than most people.
motivated	I don’t feel motivated by most things that I do.
keep_interest	In most situations, it is hard for me to find something to keep me interested.
sit_around	Much of the time, I just sit around doing nothing.
half_dead_dull	Unless I am doing something exciting, even dangerous, I feel half-dead and dull.

Source: Martarelli et al. (2023). Data retrieved from osf.io/qhux8. Licensed under CC-BY 4.0.

Wenchuan

Responses to 17 items assessing PTSD symptoms in Chinese adults who survived the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and lost at least one child in the disaster (McNally et al. (2015)). Participants completed the civilian version of the Posttraumatic Checklist, with each item corresponding to a DSM-IV PTSD symptom. Items were rated on a 5-point Likert scale from “not at all” to “extremely.”

data("Wenchuan")

A matrix with 362 rows and 17 columns:

Column	Description
intrusion	Repeated, disturbing memories, thoughts, or images of a stressful experience?
dreams	Repeated, disturbing dreams of a stressful experience?
flash	Suddenly acting or feeling as if a stressful experience were happening again?
upset	Feeling very upset when something reminded you of a stressful experience?
physior	Having physical reactions when something reminded you of a stressful experience?
avoidth	Avoiding thinking about or talking about a stressful experience?
avoidact	Avoiding activities or situations because they reminded you of a stressful experience?
amnesia	Trouble remembering important parts of a stressful experience?
lossint	Loss of interest in activities that you used to enjoy?
distant	Feeling distant or cut off from other people?
numb	Feeling emotionally numb or unable to have loving feelings?
future	Feeling as if your future will somehow be cut short?
sleep	Trouble falling or staying asleep?
anger	Feeling irritable or having angry outbursts?
concen	Having difficulty concentrating?
hyper	Being “super-alert” or watchful or on guard?
startle	Feeling jumpy or easily startled?

Source: McNally et al. (2015). Data retrieved from psychosystems.org.

References

Martarelli, C. S., Wolff, W., & Wolff, W. (2023). Boredom proneness predicts self-assessed decision errors in everyday life. Psychological Research, 87, 440–452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-022-01667-7

McNally, R. J., Robinaugh, D. J., Wu, G. W. Y., Wang, L., Deserno, M. K., & Borsboom, D. (2015). Mental disorders as causal systems: A network approach to posttraumatic stress disorder. Clinical Psychological Science, 3(6), 836–849. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702614553230

Shaffer, D., Fisher, P., Lucas, C. P., Dulcan, M. K., & Schwab-Stone, M. E. (2000). NIMH diagnostic interview schedule for children version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): Description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(1), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200001000-00014

Silk, T. J., Vilgis, V., Vance, A., & Bellgrove, M. A. (2019). A network analysis approach to ADHD symptoms in early adolescence. PLOS ONE, 14(1), e0211053. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211053

Struk, A. A., Carriere, J. S. A., Cheyne, J. A., & Danckert, J. (2017). A short boredom proneness scale: Development and psychometric properties. Assessment, 24(3), 346–359. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191115609996